Causes & Risk FactorsThe exact cause is often unknown (essential hypertension), but contributing factors include:Lifestyle: High salt intake, lack of exercise, obesity, and excessive alcohol or tobacco use.Genetics & Age: Family history and getting older increase risk.Underlying Conditions: Kidney disease or sleep apnea can cause secondary hypertension.ManagementTreatment often starts with healthy lifestyle modifications—such as reducing sodium intake, maintaining a healthy weight, and exercising. If lifestyle changes alone are insufficient, healthcare providers may prescribe medications.